American Ginseng Root Identity & Plant Part
The botanical entity is Panax quinquefolius L., a perennial of eastern North American hardwood forests whose palmately compound leaf carries five leaflets, which is where the species name comes from. The part used is the dried root of a slow crop: plants add a third prong between about five and nine years of age, and roots are taken after several seasons of growth. Leaves, stems, berries and flower buds are not included, and the root is neither Asian Panax ginseng nor Panax notoginseng, so an American ginseng extract is defined by species before anything else.
A bare “ginseng extract” does not say which root was used. “Siberian ginseng” is Eleutherococcus senticosus, which is not a Panax at all, and the two Panax species differ in their saponin profile.
The constituent families of the root are dammarane-type saponins called ginsenosides, polysaccharides and starch.












