Allium sativum Bulb Identity & Plant Part
The botanical entity is Allium sativum L., cultivated garlic of the onion family. The part used is the bulb, the underground storage organ made of several cloves. Leaves, scapes, flower stalks, bulbils and sprouts are not included in this garlic extract. The bulb is used unaged, which sets it apart from the dark, sweet black garlic.
In an intact clove, the odorless amino acid derivative alliin and the enzyme alliinase are kept in separate compartments. Cutting or crushing brings them together, and alliin becomes allicin, the compound behind the sharp smell of a crushed clove. Allicin dissolves poorly in water and is unstable, so it soon breaks into oil-soluble sulfides such as diallyl disulfide. How far that chain runs depends on how the bulb was handled before drying and extraction.
Several different materials circulate under the plain name garlic: aged extract, black garlic, oil, sprouts and deodorized powder.












