Opuntia ficus-indica Nopal Source & Identity
The botanical entity is Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., the Indian fig cactus, of the Cactaceae family. Nopal is the Mexican Spanish word for the plant and, in food use, for its tender pads, which are cut as nopales or nopalitos. The part used is the pad, a flattened succulent stem segment. Fruit, called tuna, flowers and seed are not part of this ingredient.
Nopal pads are mostly water, held in a matrix of mucilage, pectin and fiber, with organic acids that build up overnight in the way typical of cacti. They also carry flavonol glycosides, including isorhamnetin derivatives, and calcium oxalate.
The nopal name signals the vegetable pad in Latin American trade, in contrast with the fruit that is sold as prickly pear or tuna.












