Arctium lappa Root Source & Identity
The botanical entity is Arctium lappa L., a biennial of the daisy family, Asteraceae, with large leaves and spiny burrs, native to Europe and Asia. The part used is the root, a thick, brown-skinned taproot that is also a vegetable. The seeds, called niubangzi in Chinese herbal practice, the leaves and the burrs are not part of this burdock root extract.
Root and seed of the same plant are different raw materials with different chemistry. Lesser burdock, Arctium minus, and woolly burdock, Arctium tomentosum, are related species. The burdock burr is also confused with the spiny fruit of Xanthium, cocklebur, which is unrelated.
The root stores inulin-type fructan carbohydrate, caffeoylquinic acids and polyacetylenes, while the lignans arctiin and arctigenin belong to the seed.












