Horse Chestnut Seed Identity & Plant Part
The species is Aesculus hippocastanum L., a large deciduous tree of the soapberry family. The part used is the seed. Bark, leaf and flower are not used. The edible sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa) is an unrelated tree, and the two share only the word chestnut. Horse chestnut seed contains triterpene saponins collectively called escin or aescin, together with flavonoid glycosides and the coumarin glycoside esculin. A water extract takes up the saponins, which dissolve well in water and foam on agitation. The seed is harvested in autumn when the spiny husks split, and only the shiny brown kernel inside is used, so horse chestnut extract does not include husk or leaf material.












