Coriandrum sativum Raw Material & Plant Part
The botanical name is Coriandrum sativum L., family Apiaceae. The same plant gives two different spices: the leaf, called cilantro in the Americas and fresh coriander in Britain, and the seed, called coriander. The raw material in this powder is the dried leaf, taken from young plants before they bolt, dried and milled. Seeds, stems and roots are not part of the powder.
Leaf and seed differ strongly in flavor. The leaf aroma is dominated by aldehydes, particularly decanal and related compounds, while the seed carries linalool and a warm, citrusy sweetness. The seed also contains fatty oil with petroselinic acid. A product described only as coriander can be either one, so the part has to be stated.
Culantro, Eryngium foetidum, is another leaf herb with a similar, stronger aroma, and it is a different plant. Recipes and specifications that mention only cilantro should therefore give the botanical name as well.
The leaf aldehydes are volatile and are lost easily during drying and storage, so dried cilantro is noticeably milder than the fresh herb. Rapid, low-temperature drying keeps the green color and the remaining aroma best.
Leaves are picked young, before the plant flowers, because older leaves turn feathery and lose aroma. Drying at low temperature keeps the green color, while slow, warm drying turns the leaf brown and takes the freshness with it.












